Free PSA, or Free Prostate-Specific Antigen, is a form of PSA that circulates in the blood unbound to other proteins. PSA is a protein produced primarily by cells in the prostate gland. The Free PSA level is usually expressed in nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml). It is often measured alongside total PSA levels as part of screening tests for prostate conditions, including prostate cancer.
The main role of PSA, including Free PSA, is as a biomarker for prostate health. While PSA itself is involved in the liquefaction of semen, its presence in the blood provides essential information about prostate function. A higher ratio of Free PSA to Total PSA can be indicative of benign prostate conditions, while a lower ratio might suggest malignancy. Therefore, understanding your Free PSA levels can help assess the risk of prostate cancer.
Abnormal Free PSA levels can be indicative of several conditions. A low percentage of Free PSA in relation to total PSA may signal a risk for prostate cancer, prompting the need for further investigation or screening. Conversely, a high percentage of Free PSA might point towards benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or other non-cancerous conditions. It's important for individuals with abnormal PSA levels to consult with their healthcare provider to determine the cause and next steps.
While the optimal range for Free PSA can vary based on age and individual factors, higher percentages of Free PSA (above 25% of the total PSA) often suggest lower risk of cancer. To maintain healthy Free PSA levels, it is beneficial to adopt a lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and regular health screenings. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can also play a significant role in promoting prostate health.
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